Pellagra (vitamin B3/NIACIN Deficiency)

Clinical Description

Nicotinic acid deficiency, a condition known as pellagra is usually accompanied by other

Vitamin deficiencies.

CLINICAL FEATURES AND DIAGNOSIS

Include the triad of diarrhea, dementia and dermatitis (darkening of sun-exposed skin)

Treatment

Objectives

• To prevent complications associated with the deficiency
• To replenish the deficient Vitamin B3
• Children: Nicotinamide, oral, 50mg 8 hourly for 2 weeks.
• Adults: Nicotinamide, oral, 100mg 8 hourly for 2 weeks.
• For Malnutrition clients, refer to inpatient care CMAM/NCST guidelines

Dietary advice

• Increase intake of liver, kidneys, other meats, poultry and fish, peanuts, milk, pulses, whole meal wheat and bran, Reduce intake of alcohol.
• Encourage diversification (6 food groups)

Complications and Referral Criteria

• Refer all clients that have failed to respond to the above treatment
• Vitamin A Deficiency (Xerophthalmia)